Sui 객체 모델

Object는 네트워크의 기본 storage 단위이다. 온체인의 모든 resource, asset, data 조각은 object이다. 다른 많은 블록체인은 key-value store를 포함하는 account를 중심으로 storage를 구성한다. Sui의 storage는 온체인에서 고유 ID로 addressable한 object를 중심으로 구성된다.

모든 object에는 다음 component가 있다:

• 전역적으로 고유한 ID.

• address 또는 object일 수 있는 owner.

• object가 변경될 때마다 증가하는 version number.

• object를 마지막으로 사용한 transaction의 digest 같은 metadata.

Object type

Object에는 세 가지 type이 있다:

• Sui object: 모든 resource, asset, data 조각이다. Sui object는 transaction이 상호작용하는 대상이며 모든 온체인 state의 building block이다.

• Sui Move object: Move language를 사용해 정의된 object이다. Move object를 만들려면 sui::object::new를 사용해 struct를 만들어야 한다. 이 struct는 key ability를 가져야 하며, 첫 번째로 정의된 field로 id: UID field를 포함해야 한다. 이 struct는 integer와 address 같은 primitive type, 다른 object, object가 아닌 struct도 포함할 수 있다. 이 struct는 Sui object로 온체인에 저장될 수 있다.

• Sui Move package: 다른 object를 조작할 수 있는 smart contract이다. 각 Move package는 Sui Move bytecode module의 집합이다. package 안의 각 module은 포함하는 package 내에서 고유한 name을 가진다. package의 onchain ID와 module name의 조합이 module을 고유하게 식별한다. Sui에 smart contract를 publish할 때 package가 publish 단위이다. package object를 publish한 후에는 immutable이 되며 변경하거나 제거할 수 없다. package object는 이전에 Sui에 publish된 다른 package object에 의존할 수 있다.

Object 참조

Object는 다음으로 참조할 수 있다:

• ID: object의 전역적으로 고유한 ID이다. object의 current state를 query하거나 두 address 사이에서 어떤 object가 transfer되었는지 설명할 때 유용한, 변경되지 않는 stable identifier이다.

• Versioned ID: (ID, version) pair이다. object history의 특정 시점에서 object의 state를 설명하며, 과거 특정 시점의 object 값이 무엇이었는지 묻거나 object가 얼마나 최근에 update되었는지 판단할 때 유용하다.

• Object reference: (ID, version, object digest) triple이다. object digest는 object의 content와 metadata hash이다. object reference는 object history의 특정 시점에 대한 authenticated view를 제공한다. Transaction은 object input이 object reference를 통해 지정되도록 요구하여 transaction sender와 transaction을 처리하는 validator가 object의 content와 metadata에 동의하도록 보장한다.

Object ownership 개요

모든 object에는 transaction에서 누가 사용할 수 있는지를 결정하는 owner field가 있다. 이 field에는 다음 option 중 하나가 들어갈 수 있다:

• Address owned: 특정 signature scheme에서 파생된 account address 또는 object ID인 특정 32-byte address가 소유한다.

• Immutable: 누구도 소유하지 않으므로 누구나 사용할 수 있다. mutate, transfer, delete할 수 없다.

• Party: sui::transfer::party_transfer 또는 sui::transfer::public_party_transfer function을 사용해 transfer되며, transfer 대상 Party가 접근할 수 있다. Party object는 단일 소유일 수 있지만, address-owned object와 달리 consensus로 versioning된다.

• Shared: sui::transfer::share_object function을 사용해 ownership이 shared되며 누구나 접근할 수 있다.

• Wrapped: 한 struct type이 다른 type 안에 nested된 data structure이다.

Object metadata 개요

모든 object에는 다음 metadata가 있다:

• 32-byte globally unique ID: object를 만든 transaction의 digest와 transaction이 생성한 ID 수를 encoding한 counter에서 파생된다.

• 8-byte unsigned integer version: object를 modify하는 모든 transaction마다 monotonically increase한다.

• 32-byte transaction digest: 이 object를 output으로 포함한 마지막 transaction을 나타낸다.

• 32-byte owner field: 이 object에 access할 수 있는 방식을 나타낸다.

공통 metadata 외에도 object에는 Binary Canonical Serialization (BCS)로 encoding된 payload를 포함하는 category-specific, variable-sized contents field가 있다:

• Move object는 Move type, object가 public_transfer를 사용해 transfer될 수 있는지 여부, 그리고 field를 포함한다.

• Move package는 package의 bytecode module, package의 각 type을 도입한 package version을 식별하는 table(type origin table), 그리고 각 transitive dependency를 사용할 특정 package version에 mapping하는 table(linkage table)을 포함한다.

transaction-object DAG: object와 transaction의 관계

Transaction은 object를 input으로 받아 이 input을 read, write, mutate한 다음 mutated object 또는 새로 created object를 output으로 만든다. 각 object는 자신을 output으로 만든 마지막 transaction의 hash를 알고 있다. object와 transaction 사이의 관계를 표현하는 자연스러운 방법은 directed acyclic graph (DAG)이다. 이 graph에서 node는 transaction이고, transaction A의 output object가 transaction B의 input object이면 directed edge가 transaction A에서 transaction B로 향한다. Edge에는 해당 object의 reference가 label로 붙으며, 이 reference는 A가 만든 object의 정확한 version과 B가 사용한 version을 지정한다.

이 DAG의 root는 input을 받지 않고 system initial state에 존재하는 object를 만드는 genesis transaction이다. 아직 committed transaction이 consume하지 않은 mutable transaction output을 식별하고, 이 output과 선택적으로 immutable transaction output을 input으로 받는 새 transaction을 보내 DAG를 확장할 수 있다.

Live object는 transaction의 input으로 사용할 수 있다. Sui가 유지하는 global state는 이러한 object 전체로 구성된다. 특정 Sui address A의 live object는 A가 소유한 모든 object와 system의 모든 shared 및 immutable object이다.

이 DAG가 system의 모든 committed transaction을 포함하면 system state와 history에 대한 완전하고 cryptographically auditable한 view가 된다. 또한 위 scheme을 사용해 transaction 또는 object subset의 relevant history DAG를 구성할 수 있다. 예를 들어 단일 address가 소유한 object를 대상으로 할 수 있다.

transaction, object, data의 제한

Sui에는 maximum size and number of objects used 같은 transaction과 transaction에서 사용하는 data에 대한 일부 limit가 있다.

sui-protocol-config crate의 ProtocolConfig struct는 이러한 limit를 항목화한다:

Click to open

lib.rs

crates/sui-protocol-config/src/lib.rs

/// Constants that change the behavior of the protocol.
///
/// The value of each constant here must be fixed for a given protocol version. To change the value
/// of a constant, advance the protocol version, and add support for it in `get_for_version` under
/// the new version number.
/// (below).
///
/// To add a new field to this struct, use the following procedure:
/// - Advance the protocol version.
/// - Add the field as a private `Option<T>` to the struct.
/// - Initialize the field to `None` in prior protocol versions.
/// - Initialize the field to `Some(val)` for your new protocol version.
/// - Add a public getter that simply unwraps the field.
/// - Two public getters of the form `field(&self) -> field_type`
///     and `field_as_option(&self) -> Option<field_type>` will be automatically generated for you.
/// Example for a field: `new_constant: Option<u64>`
/// ```rust,ignore
///      pub fn new_constant(&self) -> u64 {
///         self.new_constant.expect(Self::CONSTANT_ERR_MSG)
///     }
///      pub fn new_constant_as_option(&self) -> Option<u64> {
///         self.new_constant.expect(Self::CONSTANT_ERR_MSG)
///     }
/// ```
/// With `pub fn new_constant(&self) -> u64`, if the constant is accessed in a protocol version
/// in which it is not defined, the validator will crash. (Crashing is necessary because
/// this type of error would almost always result in forking if not prevented here).
/// If you don't want the validator to crash, you can use the
/// `pub fn new_constant_as_option(&self) -> Option<u64>` getter, which will
/// return `None` if the field is not defined at that version.
/// - If you want a customized getter, you can add a method in the impl.
#[skip_serializing_none]
#[derive(Clone, Serialize, Debug, ProtocolConfigAccessors, ProtocolConfigOverride)]
pub struct ProtocolConfig {
    pub version: ProtocolVersion,

    feature_flags: FeatureFlags,

    // ==== Transaction input limits ====
    /// Maximum serialized size of a transaction (in bytes).
    max_tx_size_bytes: Option<u64>,

    /// Maximum number of input objects to a transaction. Enforced by the transaction input checker
    max_input_objects: Option<u64>,

    /// Max size of objects a transaction can write to disk after completion. Enforce by the Sui adapter.
    /// This is the sum of the serialized size of all objects written to disk.
    /// The max size of individual objects on the other hand is `max_move_object_size`.
    max_size_written_objects: Option<u64>,
    /// Max size of objects a system transaction can write to disk after completion. Enforce by the Sui adapter.
    /// Similar to `max_size_written_objects` but for system transactions.
    max_size_written_objects_system_tx: Option<u64>,

    /// Maximum size of serialized transaction effects.
    max_serialized_tx_effects_size_bytes: Option<u64>,

    /// Maximum size of serialized transaction effects for system transactions.
    max_serialized_tx_effects_size_bytes_system_tx: Option<u64>,

    /// Maximum number of gas payment objects for a transaction.
    max_gas_payment_objects: Option<u32>,

    /// Maximum number of modules in a Publish transaction.
    max_modules_in_publish: Option<u32>,

    /// Maximum number of transitive dependencies in a package when publishing.
    max_package_dependencies: Option<u32>,

    /// Maximum number of arguments in a move call or a ProgrammableTransaction's
    /// TransferObjects command.
    max_arguments: Option<u32>,

    /// Maximum number of total type arguments, computed recursively.
    max_type_arguments: Option<u32>,

    /// Maximum depth of an individual type argument.
    max_type_argument_depth: Option<u32>,

    /// Maximum size of a Pure CallArg.
    max_pure_argument_size: Option<u32>,

    /// Maximum number of Commands in a ProgrammableTransaction.
    max_programmable_tx_commands: Option<u32>,

    // ==== Move VM, Move bytecode verifier, and execution limits ===
    /// Maximum Move bytecode version the VM understands. All older versions are accepted.
    move_binary_format_version: Option<u32>,
    min_move_binary_format_version: Option<u32>,

    /// Configuration controlling binary tables size.
    binary_module_handles: Option<u16>,
    binary_struct_handles: Option<u16>,
    binary_function_handles: Option<u16>,
    binary_function_instantiations: Option<u16>,
    binary_signatures: Option<u16>,
    binary_constant_pool: Option<u16>,
    binary_identifiers: Option<u16>,
    binary_address_identifiers: Option<u16>,
    binary_struct_defs: Option<u16>,
    binary_struct_def_instantiations: Option<u16>,
    binary_function_defs: Option<u16>,
    binary_field_handles: Option<u16>,
    binary_field_instantiations: Option<u16>,
    binary_friend_decls: Option<u16>,
    binary_enum_defs: Option<u16>,
    binary_enum_def_instantiations: Option<u16>,
    binary_variant_handles: Option<u16>,
    binary_variant_instantiation_handles: Option<u16>,

    /// Maximum size of the `contents` part of an object, in bytes. Enforced by the Sui adapter when effects are produced.
    max_move_object_size: Option<u64>,

    // TODO: Option<increase to 500 KB. currently, publishing a package > 500 KB exceeds the max computation gas cost
    /// Maximum size of a Move package object, in bytes. Enforced by the Sui adapter at the end of a publish transaction.
    max_move_package_size: Option<u64>,

    /// Max number of publish or upgrade commands allowed in a programmable transaction block.
    max_publish_or_upgrade_per_ptb: Option<u64>,

    /// Maximum gas budget in MIST that a transaction can use.
    max_tx_gas: Option<u64>,

    /// Maximum amount of the proposed gas price in MIST (defined in the transaction).
    max_gas_price: Option<u64>,

    /// For aborted txns, we cap the gas price at a factor of RGP. This lowers risk of setting higher priority gas price
    /// if there's a chance the txn will abort.
    max_gas_price_rgp_factor_for_aborted_transactions: Option<u64>,

    /// The max computation bucket for gas. This is the max that can be charged for computation.
    max_gas_computation_bucket: Option<u64>,

    // Define the value used to round up computation gas charges
    gas_rounding_step: Option<u64>,

    /// Maximum number of nested loops. Enforced by the Move bytecode verifier.
    max_loop_depth: Option<u64>,

    /// Maximum number of type arguments that can be bound to generic type parameters. Enforced by the Move bytecode verifier.
    max_generic_instantiation_length: Option<u64>,

    /// Maximum number of parameters that a Move function can have. Enforced by the Move bytecode verifier.
    max_function_parameters: Option<u64>,

    /// Maximum number of basic blocks that a Move function can have. Enforced by the Move bytecode verifier.
    max_basic_blocks: Option<u64>,

    /// Maximum stack size value. Enforced by the Move bytecode verifier.
    max_value_stack_size: Option<u64>,

    /// Maximum number of "type nodes", a metric for how big a SignatureToken will be when expanded into a fully qualified type. Enforced by the Move bytecode verifier.
    max_type_nodes: Option<u64>,

    /// Maximum number of push instructions in one function. Enforced by the Move bytecode verifier.
    max_push_size: Option<u64>,

    /// Maximum number of struct definitions in a module. Enforced by the Move bytecode verifier.
    max_struct_definitions: Option<u64>,

    /// Maximum number of function definitions in a module. Enforced by the Move bytecode verifier.
    max_function_definitions: Option<u64>,

    /// Maximum number of fields allowed in a struct definition. Enforced by the Move bytecode verifier.
    max_fields_in_struct: Option<u64>,

    /// Maximum dependency depth. Enforced by the Move linker when loading dependent modules.
    max_dependency_depth: Option<u64>,

    /// Maximum number of Move events that a single transaction can emit. Enforced by the VM during execution.
    max_num_event_emit: Option<u64>,

    /// Maximum number of new IDs that a single transaction can create. Enforced by the VM during execution.
    max_num_new_move_object_ids: Option<u64>,

    /// Maximum number of new IDs that a single system transaction can create. Enforced by the VM during execution.
    max_num_new_move_object_ids_system_tx: Option<u64>,

    /// Maximum number of IDs that a single transaction can delete. Enforced by the VM during execution.
    max_num_deleted_move_object_ids: Option<u64>,

    /// Maximum number of IDs that a single system transaction can delete. Enforced by the VM during execution.
    max_num_deleted_move_object_ids_system_tx: Option<u64>,

    /// Maximum number of IDs that a single transaction can transfer. Enforced by the VM during execution.
    max_num_transferred_move_object_ids: Option<u64>,

    /// Maximum number of IDs that a single system transaction can transfer. Enforced by the VM during execution.
    max_num_transferred_move_object_ids_system_tx: Option<u64>,

    /// Maximum size of a Move user event. Enforced by the VM during execution.
    max_event_emit_size: Option<u64>,

    /// Maximum size of a Move user event. Enforced by the VM during execution.
    max_event_emit_size_total: Option<u64>,

    /// Maximum length of a vector in Move. Enforced by the VM during execution, and for constants, by the verifier.
    max_move_vector_len: Option<u64>,

    /// Maximum length of an `Identifier` in Move. Enforced by the bytecode verifier at signing.
    max_move_identifier_len: Option<u64>,

    /// Maximum depth of a Move value within the VM.
    max_move_value_depth: Option<u64>,

    /// Maximum number of variants in an enum. Enforced by the bytecode verifier at signing.
    max_move_enum_variants: Option<u64>,

    /// Maximum number of back edges in Move function. Enforced by the bytecode verifier at signing.
    max_back_edges_per_function: Option<u64>,

    /// Maximum number of back edges in Move module. Enforced by the bytecode verifier at signing.
    max_back_edges_per_module: Option<u64>,

    /// Maximum number of meter `ticks` spent verifying a Move function. Enforced by the bytecode verifier at signing.
    max_verifier_meter_ticks_per_function: Option<u64>,

    /// Maximum number of meter `ticks` spent verifying a Move module. Enforced by the bytecode verifier at signing.
    max_meter_ticks_per_module: Option<u64>,

    /// Maximum number of meter `ticks` spent verifying a Move package. Enforced by the bytecode verifier at signing.
    max_meter_ticks_per_package: Option<u64>,

    // === Object runtime internal operation limits ====
    // These affect dynamic fields
    /// Maximum number of cached objects in the object runtime ObjectStore. Enforced by object runtime during execution
    object_runtime_max_num_cached_objects: Option<u64>,

    /// Maximum number of cached objects in the object runtime ObjectStore in system transaction. Enforced by object runtime during execution
    object_runtime_max_num_cached_objects_system_tx: Option<u64>,

    /// Maximum number of stored objects accessed by object runtime ObjectStore. Enforced by object runtime during execution
    object_runtime_max_num_store_entries: Option<u64>,

    /// Maximum number of stored objects accessed by object runtime ObjectStore in system transaction. Enforced by object runtime during execution
    object_runtime_max_num_store_entries_system_tx: Option<u64>,

    // === Execution gas costs ====
    /// Base cost for any Sui transaction
    base_tx_cost_fixed: Option<u64>,

    /// Additional cost for a transaction that publishes a package
    /// i.e., the base cost of such a transaction is base_tx_cost_fixed + package_publish_cost_fixed
    package_publish_cost_fixed: Option<u64>,

    /// Cost per byte of a Move call transaction
    /// i.e., the cost of such a transaction is base_cost + (base_tx_cost_per_byte * size)
    base_tx_cost_per_byte: Option<u64>,

    /// Cost per byte for a transaction that publishes a package
    package_publish_cost_per_byte: Option<u64>,

    // Per-byte cost of reading an object during transaction execution
    obj_access_cost_read_per_byte: Option<u64>,

    // Per-byte cost of writing an object during transaction execution
    obj_access_cost_mutate_per_byte: Option<u64>,

    // Per-byte cost of deleting an object during transaction execution
    obj_access_cost_delete_per_byte: Option<u64>,

    /// Per-byte cost charged for each input object to a transaction.
    /// Meant to approximate the cost of checking locks for each object
    // TODO: Option<I'm not sure that this cost makes sense. Checking locks is "free"
    // in the sense that an invalid tx that can never be committed/pay gas can
    // force validators to check an arbitrary number of locks. If those checks are
    // "free" for invalid transactions, why charge for them in valid transactions
    // TODO: Option<if we keep this, I think we probably want it to be a fixed cost rather
    // than a per-byte cost. checking an object lock should not require loading an
    // entire object, just consulting an ID -> tx digest map
    obj_access_cost_verify_per_byte: Option<u64>,

    // Maximal nodes which are allowed when converting to a type layout.
    max_type_to_layout_nodes: Option<u64>,

    // Maximal size in bytes that a PTB value can be
    max_ptb_value_size: Option<u64>,

    // === Gas version. gas model ===
    /// Gas model version, what code we are using to charge gas
    gas_model_version: Option<u64>,

    // === Storage gas costs ===
    /// Per-byte cost of storing an object in the Sui global object store. Some of this cost may be refundable if the object is later freed
    obj_data_cost_refundable: Option<u64>,

    // Per-byte cost of storing an object in the Sui transaction log (e.g., in CertifiedTransactionEffects)
    // This depends on the size of various fields including the effects
    // TODO: Option<I don't fully understand this^ and more details would be useful
    obj_metadata_cost_non_refundable: Option<u64>,

    // === Tokenomics ===

    // TODO: Option<this should be changed to u64.
    /// Sender of a txn that touches an object will get this percent of the storage rebate back.
    /// In basis point.
    storage_rebate_rate: Option<u64>,

    /// 5% of the storage fund's share of rewards are reinvested into the storage fund.
    /// In basis point.
    storage_fund_reinvest_rate: Option<u64>,

    /// The share of rewards that will be slashed and redistributed is 50%.
    /// In basis point.
    reward_slashing_rate: Option<u64>,

    /// Unit gas price, Mist per internal gas unit.
    storage_gas_price: Option<u64>,

    /// Per-object storage cost for accumulator objects, used during end-of-epoch accounting.
    accumulator_object_storage_cost: Option<u64>,

    // === Core Protocol ===
    /// Max number of transactions per checkpoint.
    /// Note that this is a protocol constant and not a config as validators must have this set to
    /// the same value, otherwise they *will* fork.
    max_transactions_per_checkpoint: Option<u64>,

    /// Max size of a checkpoint in bytes.
    /// Note that this is a protocol constant and not a config as validators must have this set to
    /// the same value, otherwise they *will* fork.
    max_checkpoint_size_bytes: Option<u64>,

    /// A protocol upgrade always requires 2f+1 stake to agree. We support a buffer of additional
    /// stake (as a fraction of f, expressed in basis points) that is required before an upgrade
    /// can happen automatically. 10000bps would indicate that complete unanimity is required (all
    /// 3f+1 must vote), while 0bps would indicate that 2f+1 is sufficient.
    buffer_stake_for_protocol_upgrade_bps: Option<u64>,

    // === Native Function Costs ===

    // `address` module
    // Cost params for the Move native function `address::from_bytes(bytes: vector<u8>)`
    address_from_bytes_cost_base: Option<u64>,
    // Cost params for the Move native function `address::to_u256(address): u256`
    address_to_u256_cost_base: Option<u64>,
    // Cost params for the Move native function `address::from_u256(u256): address`
    address_from_u256_cost_base: Option<u64>,

    // `config` module
    // Cost params for the Move native function `read_setting_impl<Name: copy + drop + store,
    // SettingValue: key + store, SettingDataValue: store, Value: copy + drop + store,
    // >(config: address, name: address, current_epoch: u64): Option<Value>`
    config_read_setting_impl_cost_base: Option<u64>,
    config_read_setting_impl_cost_per_byte: Option<u64>,

    // `dynamic_field` module
    // Cost params for the Move native function `hash_type_and_key<K: copy + drop + store>(parent: address, k: K): address`
    dynamic_field_hash_type_and_key_cost_base: Option<u64>,
    dynamic_field_hash_type_and_key_type_cost_per_byte: Option<u64>,
    dynamic_field_hash_type_and_key_value_cost_per_byte: Option<u64>,
    dynamic_field_hash_type_and_key_type_tag_cost_per_byte: Option<u64>,
    // Cost params for the Move native function `add_child_object<Child: key>(parent: address, child: Child)`
    dynamic_field_add_child_object_cost_base: Option<u64>,
    dynamic_field_add_child_object_type_cost_per_byte: Option<u64>,
    dynamic_field_add_child_object_value_cost_per_byte: Option<u64>,
    dynamic_field_add_child_object_struct_tag_cost_per_byte: Option<u64>,
    // Cost params for the Move native function `borrow_child_object_mut<Child: key>(parent: &mut UID, id: address): &mut Child`
    dynamic_field_borrow_child_object_cost_base: Option<u64>,
    dynamic_field_borrow_child_object_child_ref_cost_per_byte: Option<u64>,
    dynamic_field_borrow_child_object_type_cost_per_byte: Option<u64>,
    // Cost params for the Move native function `remove_child_object<Child: key>(parent: address, id: address): Child`
    dynamic_field_remove_child_object_cost_base: Option<u64>,
    dynamic_field_remove_child_object_child_cost_per_byte: Option<u64>,
    dynamic_field_remove_child_object_type_cost_per_byte: Option<u64>,
    // Cost params for the Move native function `has_child_object(parent: address, id: address): bool`
    dynamic_field_has_child_object_cost_base: Option<u64>,
    // Cost params for the Move native function `has_child_object_with_ty<Child: key>(parent: address, id: address): bool`
    dynamic_field_has_child_object_with_ty_cost_base: Option<u64>,
    dynamic_field_has_child_object_with_ty_type_cost_per_byte: Option<u64>,
    dynamic_field_has_child_object_with_ty_type_tag_cost_per_byte: Option<u64>,

    // `event` module
    // Cost params for the Move native function `event::emit<T: copy + drop>(event: T)`
    event_emit_cost_base: Option<u64>,
    event_emit_value_size_derivation_cost_per_byte: Option<u64>,
    event_emit_tag_size_derivation_cost_per_byte: Option<u64>,
    event_emit_output_cost_per_byte: Option<u64>,
    event_emit_auth_stream_cost: Option<u64>,

    //  `object` module
    // Cost params for the Move native function `borrow_uid<T: key>(obj: &T): &UID`
    object_borrow_uid_cost_base: Option<u64>,
    // Cost params for the Move native function `delete_impl(id: address)`
    object_delete_impl_cost_base: Option<u64>,
    // Cost params for the Move native function `record_new_uid(id: address)`
    object_record_new_uid_cost_base: Option<u64>,

    // Transfer
    // Cost params for the Move native function `transfer_impl<T: key>(obj: T, recipient: address)`
    transfer_transfer_internal_cost_base: Option<u64>,
    // Cost params for the Move native function `party_transfer_impl<T: key>(obj: T, party_members: vector<address>)`
    transfer_party_transfer_internal_cost_base: Option<u64>,
    // Cost params for the Move native function `freeze_object<T: key>(obj: T)`
    transfer_freeze_object_cost_base: Option<u64>,
    // Cost params for the Move native function `share_object<T: key>(obj: T)`
    transfer_share_object_cost_base: Option<u64>,
    // Cost params for the Move native function
    // `receive_object<T: key>(p: &mut UID, recv: Receiving<T>T)`
    transfer_receive_object_cost_base: Option<u64>,
    transfer_receive_object_cost_per_byte: Option<u64>,
    transfer_receive_object_type_cost_per_byte: Option<u64>,

    // TxContext
    // Cost params for the Move native function `transfer_impl<T: key>(obj: T, recipient: address)`
    tx_context_derive_id_cost_base: Option<u64>,
    tx_context_fresh_id_cost_base: Option<u64>,
    tx_context_sender_cost_base: Option<u64>,
    tx_context_epoch_cost_base: Option<u64>,
    tx_context_epoch_timestamp_ms_cost_base: Option<u64>,
    tx_context_sponsor_cost_base: Option<u64>,
    tx_context_rgp_cost_base: Option<u64>,
    tx_context_gas_price_cost_base: Option<u64>,
    tx_context_gas_budget_cost_base: Option<u64>,
    tx_context_ids_created_cost_base: Option<u64>,
    tx_context_replace_cost_base: Option<u64>,

    // Types
    // Cost params for the Move native function `is_one_time_witness<T: drop>(_: &T): bool`
    types_is_one_time_witness_cost_base: Option<u64>,
    types_is_one_time_witness_type_tag_cost_per_byte: Option<u64>,
    types_is_one_time_witness_type_cost_per_byte: Option<u64>,

    // Validator
    // Cost params for the Move native function `validate_metadata_bcs(metadata: vector<u8>)`
    validator_validate_metadata_cost_base: Option<u64>,
    validator_validate_metadata_data_cost_per_byte: Option<u64>,

    // Crypto natives
    crypto_invalid_arguments_cost: Option<u64>,
    // bls12381::bls12381_min_sig_verify
    bls12381_bls12381_min_sig_verify_cost_base: Option<u64>,
    bls12381_bls12381_min_sig_verify_msg_cost_per_byte: Option<u64>,
    bls12381_bls12381_min_sig_verify_msg_cost_per_block: Option<u64>,

    // bls12381::bls12381_min_pk_verify
    bls12381_bls12381_min_pk_verify_cost_base: Option<u64>,
    bls12381_bls12381_min_pk_verify_msg_cost_per_byte: Option<u64>,
    bls12381_bls12381_min_pk_verify_msg_cost_per_block: Option<u64>,

    // ecdsa_k1::ecrecover
    ecdsa_k1_ecrecover_keccak256_cost_base: Option<u64>,
    ecdsa_k1_ecrecover_keccak256_msg_cost_per_byte: Option<u64>,
    ecdsa_k1_ecrecover_keccak256_msg_cost_per_block: Option<u64>,
    ecdsa_k1_ecrecover_sha256_cost_base: Option<u64>,
    ecdsa_k1_ecrecover_sha256_msg_cost_per_byte: Option<u64>,
    ecdsa_k1_ecrecover_sha256_msg_cost_per_block: Option<u64>,

    // ecdsa_k1::decompress_pubkey
    ecdsa_k1_decompress_pubkey_cost_base: Option<u64>,

    // ecdsa_k1::secp256k1_verify
    ecdsa_k1_secp256k1_verify_keccak256_cost_base: Option<u64>,
    ecdsa_k1_secp256k1_verify_keccak256_msg_cost_per_byte: Option<u64>,
    ecdsa_k1_secp256k1_verify_keccak256_msg_cost_per_block: Option<u64>,
    ecdsa_k1_secp256k1_verify_sha256_cost_base: Option<u64>,
    ecdsa_k1_secp256k1_verify_sha256_msg_cost_per_byte: Option<u64>,
    ecdsa_k1_secp256k1_verify_sha256_msg_cost_per_block: Option<u64>,

    // ecdsa_r1::ecrecover
    ecdsa_r1_ecrecover_keccak256_cost_base: Option<u64>,
    ecdsa_r1_ecrecover_keccak256_msg_cost_per_byte: Option<u64>,
    ecdsa_r1_ecrecover_keccak256_msg_cost_per_block: Option<u64>,
    ecdsa_r1_ecrecover_sha256_cost_base: Option<u64>,
    ecdsa_r1_ecrecover_sha256_msg_cost_per_byte: Option<u64>,
    ecdsa_r1_ecrecover_sha256_msg_cost_per_block: Option<u64>,

    // ecdsa_r1::secp256k1_verify
    ecdsa_r1_secp256r1_verify_keccak256_cost_base: Option<u64>,
    ecdsa_r1_secp256r1_verify_keccak256_msg_cost_per_byte: Option<u64>,
    ecdsa_r1_secp256r1_verify_keccak256_msg_cost_per_block: Option<u64>,
    ecdsa_r1_secp256r1_verify_sha256_cost_base: Option<u64>,
    ecdsa_r1_secp256r1_verify_sha256_msg_cost_per_byte: Option<u64>,
    ecdsa_r1_secp256r1_verify_sha256_msg_cost_per_block: Option<u64>,

    // ecvrf::verify
    ecvrf_ecvrf_verify_cost_base: Option<u64>,
    ecvrf_ecvrf_verify_alpha_string_cost_per_byte: Option<u64>,
    ecvrf_ecvrf_verify_alpha_string_cost_per_block: Option<u64>,

    // ed25519
    ed25519_ed25519_verify_cost_base: Option<u64>,
    ed25519_ed25519_verify_msg_cost_per_byte: Option<u64>,
    ed25519_ed25519_verify_msg_cost_per_block: Option<u64>,

    // groth16::prepare_verifying_key
    groth16_prepare_verifying_key_bls12381_cost_base: Option<u64>,
    groth16_prepare_verifying_key_bn254_cost_base: Option<u64>,

    // groth16::verify_groth16_proof_internal
    groth16_verify_groth16_proof_internal_bls12381_cost_base: Option<u64>,
    groth16_verify_groth16_proof_internal_bls12381_cost_per_public_input: Option<u64>,
    groth16_verify_groth16_proof_internal_bn254_cost_base: Option<u64>,
    groth16_verify_groth16_proof_internal_bn254_cost_per_public_input: Option<u64>,
    groth16_verify_groth16_proof_internal_public_input_cost_per_byte: Option<u64>,

    // hash::blake2b256
    hash_blake2b256_cost_base: Option<u64>,
    hash_blake2b256_data_cost_per_byte: Option<u64>,
    hash_blake2b256_data_cost_per_block: Option<u64>,

    // hash::keccak256
    hash_keccak256_cost_base: Option<u64>,
    hash_keccak256_data_cost_per_byte: Option<u64>,
    hash_keccak256_data_cost_per_block: Option<u64>,

    // poseidon::poseidon_bn254
    poseidon_bn254_cost_base: Option<u64>,
    poseidon_bn254_cost_per_block: Option<u64>,

    // group_ops
    group_ops_bls12381_decode_scalar_cost: Option<u64>,
    group_ops_bls12381_decode_g1_cost: Option<u64>,
    group_ops_bls12381_decode_g2_cost: Option<u64>,
    group_ops_bls12381_decode_gt_cost: Option<u64>,
    group_ops_bls12381_scalar_add_cost: Option<u64>,
    group_ops_bls12381_g1_add_cost: Option<u64>,
    group_ops_bls12381_g2_add_cost: Option<u64>,
    group_ops_bls12381_gt_add_cost: Option<u64>,
    group_ops_bls12381_scalar_sub_cost: Option<u64>,
    group_ops_bls12381_g1_sub_cost: Option<u64>,
    group_ops_bls12381_g2_sub_cost: Option<u64>,
    group_ops_bls12381_gt_sub_cost: Option<u64>,
    group_ops_bls12381_scalar_mul_cost: Option<u64>,
    group_ops_bls12381_g1_mul_cost: Option<u64>,
    group_ops_bls12381_g2_mul_cost: Option<u64>,
    group_ops_bls12381_gt_mul_cost: Option<u64>,
    group_ops_bls12381_scalar_div_cost: Option<u64>,
    group_ops_bls12381_g1_div_cost: Option<u64>,
    group_ops_bls12381_g2_div_cost: Option<u64>,
    group_ops_bls12381_gt_div_cost: Option<u64>,
    group_ops_bls12381_g1_hash_to_base_cost: Option<u64>,
    group_ops_bls12381_g2_hash_to_base_cost: Option<u64>,
    group_ops_bls12381_g1_hash_to_cost_per_byte: Option<u64>,
    group_ops_bls12381_g2_hash_to_cost_per_byte: Option<u64>,
    group_ops_bls12381_g1_msm_base_cost: Option<u64>,
    group_ops_bls12381_g2_msm_base_cost: Option<u64>,
    group_ops_bls12381_g1_msm_base_cost_per_input: Option<u64>,
    group_ops_bls12381_g2_msm_base_cost_per_input: Option<u64>,
    group_ops_bls12381_msm_max_len: Option<u32>,
    group_ops_bls12381_pairing_cost: Option<u64>,
    group_ops_bls12381_g1_to_uncompressed_g1_cost: Option<u64>,
    group_ops_bls12381_uncompressed_g1_to_g1_cost: Option<u64>,
    group_ops_bls12381_uncompressed_g1_sum_base_cost: Option<u64>,
    group_ops_bls12381_uncompressed_g1_sum_cost_per_term: Option<u64>,
    group_ops_bls12381_uncompressed_g1_sum_max_terms: Option<u64>,

    group_ops_ristretto_decode_scalar_cost: Option<u64>,
    group_ops_ristretto_decode_point_cost: Option<u64>,
    group_ops_ristretto_scalar_add_cost: Option<u64>,
    group_ops_ristretto_point_add_cost: Option<u64>,
    group_ops_ristretto_scalar_sub_cost: Option<u64>,
    group_ops_ristretto_point_sub_cost: Option<u64>,
    group_ops_ristretto_scalar_mul_cost: Option<u64>,
    group_ops_ristretto_point_mul_cost: Option<u64>,
    group_ops_ristretto_scalar_div_cost: Option<u64>,
    group_ops_ristretto_point_div_cost: Option<u64>,

    verify_bulletproofs_ristretto255_base_cost: Option<u64>,
    verify_bulletproofs_ristretto255_cost_per_bit_and_commitment: Option<u64>,

    // hmac::hmac_sha3_256
    hmac_hmac_sha3_256_cost_base: Option<u64>,
    hmac_hmac_sha3_256_input_cost_per_byte: Option<u64>,
    hmac_hmac_sha3_256_input_cost_per_block: Option<u64>,

    // zklogin::check_zklogin_id
    check_zklogin_id_cost_base: Option<u64>,
    // zklogin::check_zklogin_issuer
    check_zklogin_issuer_cost_base: Option<u64>,

    vdf_verify_vdf_cost: Option<u64>,
    vdf_hash_to_input_cost: Option<u64>,

    // nitro_attestation::load_nitro_attestation
    nitro_attestation_parse_base_cost: Option<u64>,
    nitro_attestation_parse_cost_per_byte: Option<u64>,
    nitro_attestation_verify_base_cost: Option<u64>,
    nitro_attestation_verify_cost_per_cert: Option<u64>,

    // Stdlib costs
    bcs_per_byte_serialized_cost: Option<u64>,
    bcs_legacy_min_output_size_cost: Option<u64>,
    bcs_failure_cost: Option<u64>,

    hash_sha2_256_base_cost: Option<u64>,
    hash_sha2_256_per_byte_cost: Option<u64>,
    hash_sha2_256_legacy_min_input_len_cost: Option<u64>,
    hash_sha3_256_base_cost: Option<u64>,
    hash_sha3_256_per_byte_cost: Option<u64>,
    hash_sha3_256_legacy_min_input_len_cost: Option<u64>,
    type_name_get_base_cost: Option<u64>,
    type_name_get_per_byte_cost: Option<u64>,
    type_name_id_base_cost: Option<u64>,

    string_check_utf8_base_cost: Option<u64>,
    string_check_utf8_per_byte_cost: Option<u64>,
    string_is_char_boundary_base_cost: Option<u64>,
    string_sub_string_base_cost: Option<u64>,
    string_sub_string_per_byte_cost: Option<u64>,
    string_index_of_base_cost: Option<u64>,
    string_index_of_per_byte_pattern_cost: Option<u64>,
    string_index_of_per_byte_searched_cost: Option<u64>,

    vector_empty_base_cost: Option<u64>,
    vector_length_base_cost: Option<u64>,
    vector_push_back_base_cost: Option<u64>,
    vector_push_back_legacy_per_abstract_memory_unit_cost: Option<u64>,
    vector_borrow_base_cost: Option<u64>,
    vector_pop_back_base_cost: Option<u64>,
    vector_destroy_empty_base_cost: Option<u64>,
    vector_swap_base_cost: Option<u64>,
    debug_print_base_cost: Option<u64>,
    debug_print_stack_trace_base_cost: Option<u64>,

    // ==== Ephemeral (consensus only) params deleted ====
    //
    // Const params for consensus scoring decision
    // The scaling factor property for the MED outlier detection
    // scoring_decision_mad_divisor: Option<f64>,
    // The cutoff value for the MED outlier detection
    // scoring_decision_cutoff_value: Option<f64>,
    /// === Execution Version ===
    execution_version: Option<u64>,

    // Dictates the threshold (percentage of stake) that is used to calculate the "bad" nodes to be
    // swapped when creating the consensus schedule. The values should be of the range [0 - 33]. Anything
    // above 33 (f) will not be allowed.
    consensus_bad_nodes_stake_threshold: Option<u64>,

    max_jwk_votes_per_validator_per_epoch: Option<u64>,
    // The maximum age of a JWK in epochs before it is removed from the AuthenticatorState object.
    // Applied at the end of an epoch as a delta from the new epoch value, so setting this to 1
    // will cause the new epoch to start with JWKs from the previous epoch still valid.
    max_age_of_jwk_in_epochs: Option<u64>,

    // === random beacon ===
    /// Maximum allowed precision loss when reducing voting weights for the random beacon
    /// protocol.
    random_beacon_reduction_allowed_delta: Option<u16>,

    /// Minimum number of shares below which voting weights will not be reduced for the
    /// random beacon protocol.
    random_beacon_reduction_lower_bound: Option<u32>,

    /// Consensus Round after which DKG should be aborted and randomness disabled for
    /// the epoch, if it hasn't already completed.
    random_beacon_dkg_timeout_round: Option<u32>,

    /// Minimum interval between consecutive rounds of generated randomness.
    random_beacon_min_round_interval_ms: Option<u64>,

    /// Version of the random beacon DKG protocol.
    /// 0 was deprecated (and currently not supported), 1 is the default version.
    random_beacon_dkg_version: Option<u64>,

    /// The maximum serialised transaction size (in bytes) accepted by consensus. That should be bigger than the
    /// `max_tx_size_bytes` with some additional headroom.
    consensus_max_transaction_size_bytes: Option<u64>,
    /// The maximum size of transactions included in a consensus block.
    consensus_max_transactions_in_block_bytes: Option<u64>,
    /// The maximum number of transactions included in a consensus block.
    consensus_max_num_transactions_in_block: Option<u64>,

    /// The maximum number of rounds where transaction voting is allowed.
    consensus_voting_rounds: Option<u32>,

    /// DEPRECATED. Do not use.
    max_accumulated_txn_cost_per_object_in_narwhal_commit: Option<u64>,

    /// The max number of consensus rounds a transaction can be deferred due to shared object congestion.
    /// Transactions will be cancelled after this many rounds.
    max_deferral_rounds_for_congestion_control: Option<u64>,

    /// DEPRECATED. Do not use.
    max_txn_cost_overage_per_object_in_commit: Option<u64>,

    /// DEPRECATED. Do not use.
    allowed_txn_cost_overage_burst_per_object_in_commit: Option<u64>,

    /// Minimum interval of commit timestamps between consecutive checkpoints.
    min_checkpoint_interval_ms: Option<u64>,

    /// Version number to use for version_specific_data in `CheckpointSummary`.
    checkpoint_summary_version_specific_data: Option<u64>,

    /// The max number of transactions that can be included in a single Soft Bundle.
    max_soft_bundle_size: Option<u64>,

    /// Whether to try to form bridge committee
    // Note: this is not a feature flag because we want to distinguish between
    // `None` and `Some(false)`, as committee was already finalized on Testnet.
    bridge_should_try_to_finalize_committee: Option<bool>,

    /// The max accumulated txn execution cost per object in a mysticeti. Transactions
    /// in a commit will be deferred once their touch shared objects hit this limit,
    /// unless the selected congestion control mode allows overage.
    /// This config plays the same role as `max_accumulated_txn_cost_per_object_in_narwhal_commit`
    /// but for mysticeti commits due to that mysticeti has higher commit rate.
    max_accumulated_txn_cost_per_object_in_mysticeti_commit: Option<u64>,

    /// As above, but separate per-commit budget for transactions that use randomness.
    /// If not configured, uses the setting for `max_accumulated_txn_cost_per_object_in_mysticeti_commit`.
    max_accumulated_randomness_txn_cost_per_object_in_mysticeti_commit: Option<u64>,

    /// Configures the garbage collection depth for consensus. When is unset or `0` then the garbage collection
    /// is disabled.
    consensus_gc_depth: Option<u32>,

    /// DEPRECATED. Do not use.
    gas_budget_based_txn_cost_cap_factor: Option<u64>,

    /// DEPRECATED. Do not use.
    gas_budget_based_txn_cost_absolute_cap_commit_count: Option<u64>,

    /// SIP-45: K in the formula `amplification_factor = max(0, gas_price / reference_gas_price - K)`.
    /// This is the threshold for activating consensus amplification.
    sip_45_consensus_amplification_threshold: Option<u64>,

    /// DEPRECATED: this was an ephemeral feature flag only used in per-epoch tables, which has now
    /// been deployed everywhere.
    use_object_per_epoch_marker_table_v2: Option<bool>,

    /// The number of commits to consider when computing a deterministic commit rate.
    consensus_commit_rate_estimation_window_size: Option<u32>,

    /// A list of effective AliasedAddress.
    /// For each pair, `aliased` is allowed to act as `original` for any of the transaction digests
    /// listed in `tx_digests`
    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Vec::is_empty")]
    aliased_addresses: Vec<AliasedAddress>,

    /// The base charge for each command in a programmable transaction. This is a fixed cost to
    /// account for the overhead of processing each command.
    translation_per_command_base_charge: Option<u64>,

    /// The base charge for each input in a programmable transaction regardless of if it is used or
    /// not, or a pure/object/funds withdrawal input.
    translation_per_input_base_charge: Option<u64>,

    /// The base charge for each byte of pure input in a programmable transaction.
    translation_pure_input_per_byte_charge: Option<u64>,

    /// The multiplier for the number of type nodes when charging for type loading.
    /// This is multiplied by the number of type nodes to get the total cost.
    /// This should be a small number to avoid excessive gas costs for loading types.
    translation_per_type_node_charge: Option<u64>,

    /// The multiplier for the number of type references when charging for type checking and reference
    /// checking.
    translation_per_reference_node_charge: Option<u64>,

    /// The multiplier for each linkage entry when charging for linkage tables that we have
    /// created.
    translation_per_linkage_entry_charge: Option<u64>,

    /// The maximum number of updates per settlement transaction.
    max_updates_per_settlement_txn: Option<u32>,

    /// Maximum computation units allowed for a gasless transaction.
    gasless_max_computation_units: Option<u64>,

    /// Allowed token types for gasless transactions, with minimum transfer sizes per token.
    #[skip_accessor]
    gasless_allowed_token_types: Option<Vec<(String, u64)>>,

    /// Maximum number of unused Pure inputs allowed in a gasless transaction.
    /// Object and FundsWithdrawal inputs must always be used.
    /// When None, there is no limit (effectively unlimited).
    gasless_max_unused_inputs: Option<u64>,

    /// Maximum size in bytes of each Pure input in a gasless transaction.
    /// When None, there is no limit (effectively unlimited).
    gasless_max_pure_input_bytes: Option<u64>,

    /// Max tps for gasless transactions. Unlimited when unset, zero when set to zero.
    gasless_max_tps: Option<u64>,

    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
    #[skip_accessor]
    include_special_package_amendments: Option<Arc<Amendments>>,

    /// Maximum serialized size in bytes of a gasless transaction (SenderSignedData).
    /// Bounds the persistent storage impact of each admitted gasless transaction.
    gasless_max_tx_size_bytes: Option<u64>,
}

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다음 탭에서 네트워크를 선택하여 현재 구성된 limit와 값을 확인한다.